Confidence and Accuracy in identification of adverse drug reaction (ADR) reported by inpatients

Abstract

The project entitled “confidence and accuracy in identification of ADRs reported by inpatients” was carried out in Pakistan Institute of Medical Sciences (PIMS), Islamabad, Pakistan. The basic objectives of the study were to determine type and frequency of ADRs reported by inpatients, their level of confidence and accuracy and factors responsible for these aspects. Standard proforma was designed for collection and evaluation of patient data which comprises patient demographic data, chief complaints, Biochemical tests , list of medications , drug interactions , suspected adverse events , visual analogue scale, face rating scale and Naranjo algorithm. During the project 25 cases containing ADRs reported by patients were selected. In current study percentage of male and females were sixty and fourty percent respectively and it was observed that majority of individuals were in the age category of 51..60 (28%), 21-30 years (20%) , 11-20 years (12%) , 61-70 years (20%) , 71-80 years (8%) and 31-40 years (4%). From this study it was noted that prominent concurrent diseases were hypertension, ischemic heart diseases, gastro intestinal disorders and hepatic abnormalities. While incidence of ADRs were more common with injections/infusions (57%) as compare to oral dosage forms. During analysis of 25 cases, 55 drug interactions were recorded in which percentage of serious interactions, minor interactions and those interactions that require close monitoring were 7%, 26% and 67% respectively. Confidence of patients during reporting ADRs were identified using VAS and face rating scale in which percentage of high , medium and lower confidence were 32% , 39% and 29% respectively. Relation between ADE and suspected drugs were measured using Naranjo scale in which percentage of definite, probable, possible and doubtful ADRs were 3%, 48%, 46% and 3% respectively.